Manual photo auditTraditional BTL verification where human reviewers visually inspect every photo. Works at small scale; breaks at modern volumes.
AI image verificationAutomated verification using ML + CV + metadata analysis to validate authenticity, location, timing, compliance in real-time.
Hybrid AI-first + human-exception2026 winning model. AI runs on 100% of photos; humans review the 3-8% routed by AI as ambiguous.
Perceptual hash (pHash, dHash)Image fingerprint invariant to crop, rotation, brightness. Two near-duplicate photos have similar hashes; Hamming distance threshold catches duplicates with 95-98% confidence.
SHA-256 hashCryptographic fingerprint catching exact duplicates with 100% accuracy.
EXIF metadataImage metadata: GPS, timestamp, camera, software signature, edit history. Often stripped by WhatsApp default compression.
Edit-signature detectionCV model identifying photo manipulation tools (Photoshop, Snapseed, Lightroom, AI upscalers).
AI-generated image detectionCV model identifying images created by generative AI (DALL-E, Midjourney, Stable Diffusion). 2026 benchmarks 89-99%.
Dense CNN (D-CNN)Convolutional Neural Network architecture for image classification.
Vision Transformer (ViT)Transformer-based architecture for image understanding. Adds contextual analysis.
9-layer mock-location detectionGPS authenticity model catching location-spoofing apps. 100% detection rate.
Live-capture enforcementPhoto must be captured in real-time via app camera; gallery uploads disabled.
Ensemble modelCombining multiple AI models (CNN + ViT + frequency + texture) for higher accuracy and lower false positives.
Confidence score0-100 output from each AI model indicating decision certainty. Used for routing to human review.
Review-required queueThe 3-8% of photos where AI confidence is below threshold and human judgment is needed.
False positive rate% of legitimate photos flagged. Mainstream: 6-11%; enterprise multi-layer: 0.5-2%.
False negative rate% of fraud passed through. Target: <0.5% for enterprise systems.
Cognitive fatigue threshold4-6 hours of review before human accuracy drops 15-25%. AI has no such threshold.
Verified Execution Rate (VER)% of submissions passing all verification layers. Headline KPI.
Proof Before Payment (PBP)Procurement standard tying invoice approval to AI verification pass.
Field Execution Intelligence (FEI)Purpose-built software category for live verification of offline campaign events.
gOGig AI14 production models. 100% verification accuracy. 100% fraud detection rate.